Cutting off command and control (C2) servers means stopping hackers from taking over infected computers and stealing data. These servers secretly send commands and collect stolen information. Blocking their IP addresses can slow or even stop malware from spreading. But…
C2 beaconing patterns are signals attackers use to communicate with control centers. They rely on timing between messages, packet size, and target sites, often disguising C2 beacons through encryption or by mimicking normal traffic. Attackers use regular timing with slight…
The dark corners of cybersecurity’s command and control networks (C2) expose a whole ecosystem where good and bad actors play out their battles daily. Red teams can’t just pick up or and expect magic – there’s real skill behind running…
Capturing the essence of identifying domain generation algorithms (DGA) involves understanding how malware uses these methods to communicate securely. DGAs churn out countless domain names daily, serving as rendezvous points for command-and-control (C2) servers. Since most generated domains stay unregistered,…
Malware moves fast. When it hits a system, it phones home to a command-and-control communication server that’s pulling the strings.[1] We’ve tracked these C2 connections hiding in regular web traffic (HTTP/HTTPS) and DNS requests for years – they’re sneaky about…
The hunt for botnets starts in that quiet space between network packets. Some days pass with nothing but false alarms, then suddenly there’s that flash of something wrong. We’ve watched these digital shadows grow bolder over the years – their…
Command and Control traffic sneaks through networks like a quiet whisper, carrying orders from hackers to compromised machines. Our security team watches these signals daily – subtle pulses of data that most people wouldn’t notice, yet they’re packed with dangerous…
Sneaking data out through encrypted channels might be the perfect crime. When attackers hide stolen information in regular HTTPS traffic or DNS queries, it’s like finding a needle in a digital haystack. They’re using the same secure protocols (SSL/TLS) that…
Network security needs egress filtering like fish need water. The outbound rules act as an exit guard, watching traffic leaving the premises for anything fishy. We’ve seen too many companies skip this step, then scramble when sensitive data walks right…
Data staging areas sit quietly in company networks, often overlooked until something goes wrong. We’ve tracked these spots across financial networks where data builds up before moving downstream – think of them as digital waiting rooms that can turn into…